A range of unfaulted and faulted bed-scale models with sheet-like bed geometries
have been built and analysed in terms of static bed connectivity and fractional
permeability assuming permeable sands and impermeable shales. ...
Normal faults contained in multilayers are often characterised by dip refraction which is generally attributed to differences in the mechanical properties of the layers, sometimes leading to different modes of fracture. ...
Existing conceptual growth models for faults in layered sequences suggest that faults first localise in strong, and brittle, layers and are later linked in weak, and ductile, layers. We use the Discrete Element Method (DEM) ...