This paper is concerned with the effect of the grammar type on grammatical evolution when evolving in dynamic environments. Both representation and dynamic environments have been recognised as important open issues in the ...
Representation is a very important component of any evolutionary algorithm. Changing the representation can cause an algorithm to perform very differently. Such a change can have an effect that is difficult to understand. ...
Grammatical evolution (GE) is a form of grammar-based genetic programming. A particular feature of GE is that it adopts a distinction between the genotype and phenotype similar to that which exists in nature by using a ...