Bang-bang phase-locked loops (BBPLLs) are inherently nonlinear systems due to the binary phase detector (BPD). While they are typically used for clock and data recovery, the ongoing trend toward digital loop implementations ...
We describe the mathematical model of a digitally controlled buck converter. This model is an autonomous discrete-time
discontinuous piecewise-linear dynamical system in three dimensions. Investigating this system, we ...
In this paper, we derive linearized discrete-time models of higher order Charge-Pump Phase-Locked Loops (CPPLLs). The behaviour of CP-PLLs in the steady state is analysed
and an important feature is developed. The nonlinear ...
Many important electronic systems are modelled by discrete-time equations with nonlinearities that are discontinuous and piecewise-linear, often arising as a result of quantization. Approximations based on linearization ...
This paper shows how an unwanted limit cycle can be exhibited by a second-order CMOS companding filter. The filter employs the quasi-quadratic law of the MOS transistor in strong inversion and saturation to achieve compression ...