A field study utilizing simulated rainfall and bare plots 5.5m wide by 22m long was conducted to study the effectiveness of vegetated filter strips 4.6 and 9.2m long in
removing nutrients and sediments from agricultural ...
A miniaturized sensor head for the optical measurement of velocities of fluids based on laser Doppler velocimetry is demonstrated. Holographic optical elements mounted on a glass substrate are used for beam splitting and ...
An approximate analytic method is presented that permits the calculation of all the output waves, both backward and forward traveling, for slanted, transmission-type volume gratings replayed at the Bragg angle and perfectly ...
The diffraction orders and coherent bright and dark field images produced by isolated steps and grooves (notches and trenches) are examined. The isolated structures are approximated by means of a grating with a
large ...
Artificial index gratings, which are composed of binary microstructures of sizes less than the incident wavelength, are analyzed as functions of the filling factor or duty cycle of the microstructures. Different models for ...
The boundary diffraction method (BDM) is an approximate method that permits the derivation of analytic solutions for the output beams, both forward and backward propagating, that arise from the fundamental nature of ...
The boundary diffraction method (BDM) is an approximate method that permits the derivation of analytic solutions for the output beams, both forward and backward propagating, that arise from the fundamental nature of ...
A reflection grating with a binary surface profile is presented that has high diffraction efficiency. The measured intensity for the + 1st diffracted order was 77%. The binary grating is composed of a minilattice with ...
The special affine Fourier transformation (SAFT) is a generalization of the fractional Fourier transformation (FRT) and represents the most general lossless inhomogeneous linear mapping, in phase space, as the integral ...
he paper describes a field trial of the use of a simple statistical ‘extrapolation' technique for the determination of design load effects in existing bridges. Deflections were measured directly using lasers in the Foyle ...
Interferometric methods are widely used in surface metrology. A question that arises is how much information about the surface can be extracted from a given interferogram. For examination of the resolution limit ...
This paper highlights areas of inaccuracy in current modelling techniques for bridge decks with wide cantilevers. A 3-D grilllage model known as the upstand grillage is assessed by comparing its behaviour with that of a ...
WAVE (Weigh-in-motion of Axles and Vehicles for Europe) is a research
project, part-funded by the European Commission, with the objective of improving the
accuracy and performance of Weigh-in-Motion (WIM) technology. It ...
The paper describes the use of algebraic linear programming for the minimum weight design of steel portal frames subject to the constraints of the Kinematic Theorem of plastic collapse. Minimum weight design is a classic ...
WIM has developed greatly in the last ten years and confidence in the accuracy of recorded data has
increased significantly. Traffic data recently obtained from a number of representative European sites
are used to ...
For slab bridge decks with wide transverse edge cantilevers, the plane grillage analogy is shown to be an inaccurate method of linear elastic analysis due to variations in the vertical position of the neutral axis. The ...
This paper describes an experiment in which 2 independently developed bridge weigh-in-motion (WIM) systems are tested and compared, both for accuracy and durability. The systems, an Irish prototype still under development ...
The fractional Fourier transform (FRT) is known to be optically implementable with use of a medium with a perfect radial quadratic-index profile. Using the quantum-mechanical operator formalism, we examine the
effects ...
This paper presents the formulation of a simple method for the prediction of the additional stresses induced in frame type integral bridges due to thermal expansion of the deck. These stresses are controlled to a large ...