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(American Institute of Physics, 2012)We have demonstrated an efficient extreme ultraviolet (EUV) source at 6.7 nm by irradiating Gd targets with 0.8 and 1.06 μm laser pulses of 140 fs to 10 ns duration. Maximum conversion efficiency of 0.4% was observed within ...
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(American Institute of Physics, 2009-12-04)Many next generation lithography schemes for the semiconductor industry are based on a 13.5-nm tin plasma light source, where hundreds of thousands of 4d-4f, 4p-4d, and 4d-5p transitions from Sn5+–Sn13+ ions overlap to ...
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(Elsevier, 2011-07-25)In this study the use of microwave plasma sintering of nickel oxide (NiOx) particles for use as p-type photoelectrode coatings in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is investigated. NiOx was chosen as the photocathode for ...
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(American Institute of Physics, 2011-12-05)Plasmas containing gadolinium have been proposed as sources for next generation lithography at 6.x nm. To determine the optimum plasma conditions, atomic structure calculations have been performed for Gd11+ to Gd27+ ions ...
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(Optical Society of America, 2011-09-01)When monochromatic light is scattered from an optically rough surface a complicated three-dimensional (3D) field is generated. These fields are often described by reference to the 3D volume (extent) of their speckles, ...
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(Institute of Physics, 2011-09-07)Measurements of the total ion emission from a pair of colliding laser-produced aluminium plasmas were obtained with the aid of a Faraday cup detector. The energy profile width at half height of the kinetic energy distribution ...
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(Optical Society of America, 2011-07-10)Modeling the propagation of light through free space and simple paraxial systems continue to be enduring, and practically important topics in optics. Is there anything new or interesting that remains to be said? Given the ...
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(American Institute of Physics, 2011)The collision of two laser generated plasma plumes can result, under appropriate conditions, in the formation of ‘stagnation layer’. The processes underlying this phenomenon are complex and time dependent. The majority of ...
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(Institute of Physics, 2009-03-07)We report results from a combined optical interferometric and spectrally resolved imaging study on colliding laser produced aluminium plasmas. A Nomarski interferometer was used to probe the spatio-temporal distribution ...
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(American Institute of Physics, 2012)We demonstrate a table-top broadband emission water window source based on laser-produced high-Z plasmas. Resonance emission from multiply charged ions merges to produce intense unresolved transition arrays in the 2 to 4 ...